双语调查:收入和幸福不成正比
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老话常说,金钱不是万能的,它买不来幸福与快乐。最新一项科学研究证实,这绝对是真理。
据英国《每日邮报》报道,英国科学家近日对全球不同国家的国民收入和幸福感进行了对比调查。结果显示,富有的国家与贫穷的国家在国民幸福感指数上相差无几。
来自英国华威大学的首席研究员欧亨尼奥?普罗托教授介绍说,国家的富有能否为国民带来幸福是所有国家政府共同关注的问题。但事实证明,一个国家的GDP与国民的幸福感并非始终成正比。
根据研究数据,对于贫穷国家来说,国民收入的增长确实能带来幸福感的提升。但是,当人均国内生产总值超过12600英镑时,收入的增长与幸福感提升之间的正相关就不再明显。而当人均国内生产总值达到22200英镑,也就是人民币22万675元时,国民的幸福感反而会掉头向下。
研究还表明,生活在人均GDP低于4100英镑国家的居民比那些人均GDP达到11100英镑的人们,生活满意度低了12%。而人均GDP处于12600英镑与33000英镑两个数值的人们,生活满意度的差距仅为2%。
根据这一研究结果,人均GDP较高的国家,例如荷兰、瑞士、挪威的国民就不如英国国民的生活满意度高。
普罗托教授解释说:“随着国家变得富有,GDP屡创新高,人们对生活的期望也会越来越高。在追求更多收入的同时,人们攀比心会变得更重,因此对现实生活的不满也会加重。”
How rising riches make a country LESS happy: Contentment takes a nosedive when a country's GDP reaches more than ?22,200 per person
Living in a wealthy country doesn't necessarily mean you will be happier, according to a study.
Researchers found that once a nation's gross domestic product surpasses ?22,200 per person, individual happiness begins to nosedive – as the worry of 'keeping up with the Joneses' kicks in.
The researchers said these high expectations in the world's wealthiest countries were to blame for creating dissatisfaction among citizens.
The British study compared per capita GDP with data on life satisfaction gathered from the World Values Survey.
In the poorest countries happiness rises as a country's wealth increases and citizens are able to afford their basic needs.
People in countries with a GDP per capita of below ?4,100 were 12 per cent less likely to report the highest level of life satisfaction than those in countries where it reached ?11,100.
However, beyond a level of ?12,600 per person, the link between increasing prosperity and happiness is much less marked.
Between this level and the very highest GDP per capita level ?33,000, the probability of reporting the top level of life satisfaction changes by no more than two per cent.
Satisfaction peaked at ?22,200, after which it appeared to dip in the world's richest nations.
It means Britons, with a per capita GDP of around ?22,800, should be fairly satisfied with their lives.
Lead researcher Dr Eugenio Proto, of Warwick University, said: 'Whether wealth can buy a country's happiness is a major question for governments. Many policy-makers, including in the UK, are interested in official measures of national well-being.
'Our new analysis has one very surprising finding which has not been reported before – that life satisfaction appears to dip beyond a certain level of wealth.
'In our study we see evidence that this is down to changes in the aspiration levels of people living in the richest countries.
'As countries get richer, higher levels of GDP lead to higher aspiration. There is a sense of keeping up with the Joneses as people see wealth and opportunity all around them and aspire to having more.
'But this aspiration gap – the difference between actual income and the income we would like – eats away at life-satisfaction levels.
'In other words, what we aspire to becomes a moving target and one which moves away faster in the richest countries, causing the dip in happiness we see in our analysis.'