五颜六色的珊瑚礁(Colorful coral reefs)(2)

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  在斐济的海中,一只三棘带鲉(Taenianotus triacanthus)窥伺着一群误入禁地的线鮨。三棘带鲉是种善于偷袭的捕食动物,能够改变身体颜色以融入环境。变色完成后,它就一动不动,等猎物经过。“我们见过这只鱼的数次突袭,”摄影师提姆.雷曼说,“它的嘴一开一合仅需一瞬间。”

  A crescent-tailed bigeye (Priacanthus hamrur) seems to wear its emotions on its sleeve—or on its whole body. This sequence of three frames of the same fish shows how it can change from largely silver to striped to solid orange-red, a transformation that occurs in a matter of seconds. Pigment cells in its skin, called chromatophores, allow it to change color, but scientists don't yet know what each color pattern signifies. Sometimes a sudden shift in color can be used to startle potential predators or threaten intruders. Red light dissipates beyond about 30 feet (10 meters), so the reddish hue of this fish would appear black in deeper waters, allowing some degree of invisibility for this nocturnal hunter.

  宝石大眼鲷(Priacanthus hamrur)似乎把心情写在脸上──或应该说是写在身上。这条鱼的连续三张照片显示出它如何从几乎通体银色变成条纹、再变成纯橘红色,这转变全发生在几秒钟之内。它皮肤上的色素细胞让它能改变颜色,但科学家还不知道每种色彩图案的意义。有时候,色彩的快速变换可以用来惊吓掠食者或威胁入侵者。红光在10公尺以下的深处就会消散,所以这条鱼身上的红色调会在较深处呈现黑色,让这种夜行性猎食者在某种程度上能隐形。