初中英语语法大全:形容词和副词(3)

编辑:高中作文网

他常常早到校。

3.程度副词有下列二种情况

a.修饰动词时,它在句中的位置与频度副词的情况相似。

He is almost forty years old.(在be动词之后)

他快四十岁了。

注意

如果句末同时有几个副词,它的基本顺序是:方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。

He can hardly understand you.

(在情态动词之后)

他几乎听不懂你的活。

I like the boy.(在实义动词之前)

我相当喜欢这个男孩子。

b.修饰形容词、副词时,放在它所修饰的词的前面。

He studies much harder now.

现在他学习努力多了。

The room is big enough to hold fifty persons.

(enough修饰形容词)

这个房间够大的可以容纳50人。

He runs fast enough.(enough修饰副词)

他跑得够快的。
         
注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。
  改错:(错) I very like English.
     (对) I like English very much.
注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
     I don't know him well enough.
     There is enough food for everyone to eat.
     There is food enough for everyone to eat.


6 兼有两种形式的副词
1) close与closely
  close意思是"近"; closely 意思是"仔细地"              
    He is sitting close to me.
    Watch him closely.
2) late 与lately
   late意思是"晚"; lately 意思是"最近"
    You have come too late.
    What have you been doing lately?
3) deep与deeply
   deep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"
    He pushed the stick deep into the mud.
    Even father was deeply moved by the film.
4)high与highly
   high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much
    The plane was flying high.
    I think highly of your opinion.
5) wide与widely
   wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方"
    He opened the door wide.
    English is widely used in the world.
6) free与freely
  free的意思是"免费";freely 的意思是"无限制地"
    You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
    You may speak freely; say what you like.
7某些副词在用法上的区别
  (1) already, yet, still
  already表示某事物已经发生,主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生,主要用于否定句和疑问句;still表示某事还在进行,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,有时也可用于否定句。如:
  We've already watched that film.
  I haven't finished my homework yet.
  He still works until late every night.
(2) too, as well, also, either
  too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句,too和as well多用于口语,一般放在句末,而also多用于书面语,一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句,往往放在句末。如:He went there too.
  He didn't go there either.
  I like you as well.
  I also went there.


8 形容词与副词的比较级
 
⑴ 规则变化
 
变化规则 example
1.一般在词尾直接加-er或-est Tall-taller-tallest, long-longer-longest
2.以不发音的字母e 结尾的单词在词尾直接加-r 或- st Nice-nicer-nicest,  large-larger-largest
3.以辅音字母+ 结尾的词,把 y变为i ,再加er 或 est Heavy-heavier-heaviest
Happy-happier-happiest
4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er 或 est Big-bigger-biggest
Fat-fatter-fattest
5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more 构成比较级和most  构成最高级 Slowly-more slowly-most slowly
Beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
 
⑵ 不规则变化
  
原级 比较级 最高级