11.19 不用进行时的动词
- 阅401) 事实状态的动词 have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue I have two brothers. This house belongs to my sister. 2) 心理状态的动词 Know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agre......
11.20 过去进行时
- 阅421） 概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 2） 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。 3) 常用的时间状语 this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when......
11.21 将来进行时
- 阅361) 概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。 She'll be coming soon. I'll be meeting him sometime in the future. 注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能说 I'll be having a talk with her. 2）常用的时间状语 Soon, tomorrow,......
11.22 一般现在时代替将来时
- 阅77时间状语从句，条件句中，从句用一般现在时代替将来时 When, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately He is goin......
11.23 一般现在时代替过去时
- 阅871 )"书上说"，"报纸上说"等。 The newspaper says that it's going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天会很冷的。 2) 叙述往事，使其生动。 Napoleon's army now advances and the great battle begins.......
11.24 一般现在时代替完成时
- 阅181) 有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时： hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know, find , say, remember. I hear (= have heard) he will go to London. I forget (=have forgotten) how old he is. 2) 句型 " It is … since…"代替"It has bee......
11.25 一般现在时代替进行时
- 阅651) 句型：Here comes… ； There goes… Look, here comes Mr. Li.......
11.26 现在进行时代替将来时
- 阅451) 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。 Are you staying with us this weekend? 这周和我们一起度周末吗? We are leaving soon. 我们马上就走。 2) 渐变动词，如：get, run, grow, become, begin及die。 He is dying.......
11.27 时态一致
- 阅1001) 如果从句所叙述的为真理或不变的事实，则永远用现在时。 At that time, people did not know that the earth moves. He told me last week that he is eighteen. 2) 宾语从句中的助动词ought, need, must, dare 时态是不变的。 He thought that I need no......
11.28 时态与时间状语
- 阅23时间状语 一般现在时 every …, sometimes, at …, on Sunday, 一般过去时 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 一般将来时 next…, tomorrow, in+时间, 现在完成时 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/unt......
12. 动词的语态
- 阅91语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。 1）若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态 时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为感官动词。 feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe,......
12.1 let 的用法
- 阅81）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。 They let the strange go.---> The strange was let go. 2） 若let 后宾补较长时，let 通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit 代替。 The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the ho......
12.2 短语动词的被动语态
- 阅25短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 This is a photo of the power station that has been set up in my hometown. My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before........
12.3 表示＂据说＂或＂相信＂ 的词组
- 阅15believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand It is said that… 据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that… 大家相信 It is hoped that… 大家希望 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is t......
12.4 不用被动语态的情况
- 阅61) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态： appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place. After the fire, very little remained of......
12.5 主动形式表示被动意义
- 阅751)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive… The book sells well. 这本书销路好。 This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。 2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build I was to blame for the accide......
12.6 被动形式表示主动意义
- 阅3be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marries He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。 注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。......
12.7 need/want/require/worth
- 阅18注意：当 need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接doing也可以表示被动。 Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。 The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 典型例题 The library needs___, but it'l......
13. 句子的种类
- 阅100（一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1） 陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。 （说明事实） The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。 （说明看法）......
13.1 祈使句结构
- 阅63祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。 1） 祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。 Take this seat. Do be careful. 否定结构： Don't move. Don't be late. 2） 第二种祈使句以let开头。 Let......