1.关于语音的几个概念

1)  字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,
2)  音标：词的语音形式。
3)  音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。
4)  音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap"ple, stu"dent, tea"cher, un"der"stand
5)  元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。
6)  辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。
7)  开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi
8)  闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it
9)  重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。

2. 元音：(注意：下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标)
1) [i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling
2) [i] sit, build, miss, myth 
3) [e] bed, desk, head, 
4) [ ] bad, land, bank, stamp 
5) [a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 
6) [ ] hot, want 
7) [  ] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 
8) [u:] good, who, blue, soup, 
9) [u] look, put, women, could 
10) [ ] cup, come, blood, rough 
11) [ ] girl, work, serve, nurse 
12) [ ] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 
13) [ei] cake, they, play, eight, great, 
14) [ai] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 
15) [  ] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 
16) [au] house, town 
17) [  ] boy, oil 
18) [  ] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 
19) [  ] pear, care, there, fair 
20) [  ] tour, poor,

3. 容易混淆的元音
1) [e] [] bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land 
2) [i:] [ei] real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid 
3) [e] [AI] bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide 
4) [au] [  ] house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause 
5) [au] [ ] found fond; gown gone; down don

4. 辅音
1) [p] pen, 
2) [b] bed, comb 
3) [t] tell, 
4) [d], day, played, wanted 
5) [k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box 
6) [g] big, go, guess, language 
7) [m] man 
8) [n] nine, knife, autumn 
9) [ ] bank, uncle, English, sing, 
10) [l] land, world 
11) [r] read, write, 
12) [f] five, cough, laugh 
13) [v] voice, of 
14) [ ] think, 
15) [ ] this, bathe 
16) [s] sit, miss, science, case, scarf 
17) [z] zoo, close, 
18) [ ] sure, she, social, nation 
19) [ ] pleasure, 
20) [h] hot, who, hour 
21) [w] wall, what, answer 
22) [j] yes 
23) [  ] child, teach, catch 
24) [  ] joke, bridge, 
25) [ts] boats 
26) [dz] goods 
27) [tr] tree 
28) [dr] dream

5. 容易混淆的辅音
1)  [v] [w] vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well 
2)  [s] [ ] sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math 
3)  [z] [ ] closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes 
4)  [n] [ ] thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang 
　

6. 读音规则
1)  重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)