精选知识

Ronald Wilson Reagan (/?r?n?ld ?w?ls?n ?re?ɡ?n/; February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989), the 33rd Governor of California (1967–1975) and, prior to that, a radio, film and television actor.

Born in Tampico, Illinois and raised in Dixon, Reagan was educated at Eureka College, earning a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics and sociology. After his graduation, Reagan moved first to Iowa to work as a radio broadcaster and then in to Los Angeles, California in 1937 where he began a career as an actor, first in films and later television. Some of his most notable films include Knute Rockne, All American, Kings Row, and Bedtime for Bonzo. Reagan served as president of the Screen Actors Guild, and later spokesman for General Electric; his start in politics occurred during his work for GE.

Originally a member of the Democratic Party, his positions began shifting rightward in the late 1950s, and he switched to the Republican Party in 1962. After delivering a rousing speech in support of Barry Goldwater's presidential candidacy in 1964, he was persuaded to seek the California governorship, winning two years later and again in 1970. He was defeated in his run for the Republican presidential nomination in 1968 as well as 1976, but won both the nomination and election in 1980, defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter.

As president, Reagan implemented sweeping new political and economic initiatives. His supply-side economic policies, dubbed "Reaganomics", advocated reducing tax rates to spur economic growth, controlling the money supply to reduce inflation, deregulation of the economy, and reducing government spending. In his first term he survived an assassination attempt, took a hard line against labor unions, and ordered an invasion of Grenada. He was reelected in a landslide in 1984, proclaiming that it was "Morning in America." His second term was primarily marked by foreign matters, such as the ending of the Cold War, the 1986 bombing of Libya, and the revelation of the Iran-Contra affair. Publicly describing the Soviet Union as an "evil empire,"[1] he supported anti-communist movements worldwide and spent his first term forgoing the strategy of détente by ordering a massive military buildup in an arms race with the USSR. Reagan negotiated with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev, culminating in the INF Treaty and the decrease of both countries' nuclear arsenals.

Reagan left office in 1989. In 1994, the former president disclosed that he had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease earlier in the year; he died ten years later at the age of 93. He ranks highly in public opinion polls of U.S. Presidents and is credited for generating an ideological renaissance on the American political right.

其他类似问题

问题1：美国总统山的英文简介简单一点就可以了[英语科目]

Mount Rushmore National Memorial,located 23 miles southwest of Rapid City,is something you don't want to miss.It's the greatest FREE Attraction in the US!

"Until the wind and the rain alone shall wear them away." Those are the famous words Sculptor Gutzon Borglum used to describe the length of time his most famous work,Mt.Rushmore,will endure.

The mountain itself was originally named after Charles E.Rushmore,a New York lawyer investigating mining claims in the Black Hills in 1885.Gutzon Borglum chose this mountain due to its height (5700' above sea level),the soft grainy consistency of the granite,and the fact that it catches the sun for the greatest part of the day.The presidents were selected on the basis of what each symbolized.George Washington represents the struggle for independence,Thomas Jefferson the idea of government by the people.Abraham Lincoln for his ideas on equality and the permanent union of the states,and Theodore Roosevelt for the 20th century role of the United States in world affairs.The carving of Mt.Rushmore actually began on August 10,1927,and spanned a length of 14 years.Only about six and a half years were spent actually carving the mountain,with the rest of the time being spent on weather delays and Borglum's greatest enemy - the lack of funding.The total cost of the project was $900,000.Work continued on the project until the death of Gutzon Borglum in 1941.No carving has been done on the mountain since that time and none is planned in the future.

The granite faces of four American presidents' is scaled to men who would stand 465 feet tall!President Calvin Coolidge believed Mount Rushmore was "decidedly American in its conception,magnitude and meaning.It is altogether worthy of our country," Coolidge proclaimed at the dedication of the project in 1927.

The most spectacular program at Mount Rushmore is the evening lighting ceremony held in the new amphitheater,9:00 PM sharp.A must see when you are touring the beautiful Black Hills of South Dakota.

A $56 million redevelopment was completed in 1998 with the addition of a new parking structure,amphitheater,museum/theater complex,Visitor Orientation Center,Presidential Trail,gift shop,bookstore,and dining facilities.To complete your Rushmore experience,view the evening lighting ceremony.The National Park Service sponsors a special program Memorial Day through Labor Day.It consists of a 10-minute talk followed by a 20-minute film.The highlight of the evening is the slow exposure of light to the monument until it is fully illuminated.It's a good idea to go early and bring a jacket.Program times are as follows:9:00-9:30 P.M.lighting ceremony,9:30-10:30 P.M.illumination.For these traveling in the off season,the faces are illuminated nightly.There are few people who are not subdued by the moments as they gaze upon the beauty of Mt.Rushmore.Just as the monument challenged its creator,so should its splendor challenge its viewer.

问题2：求里根总统的英文演讲稿.所有的.（其它美国总统的也行）各位兄弟姐妹帮帮忙.[英语科目]

Tear Down This Wall 拆掉这堵墙吧

Remarks at the Brandenburg Gate

West Berlin, Germany

June 12, 1987

Thank you very much.

Chancellor Kohl, Governing Mayor Diepgen, ladies and gentlemen: Twenty-four years ago, President John F. Kennedy visited Berlin, speaking to the people of this city and the world at the City Hall. Well, since then two other presidents have come, each in his turn, to Berlin. And today I, myself, make my second visit to your city.

We come to Berlin, we American presidents, because it's our duty to speak, in this place, of freedom. But I must confess, we're drawn here by other things as well: by the feeling of history in this city, more than 500 years older than our own nation; by the beauty of the Grunewald and the Tiergarten; most of all, by your courage and determination. Perhaps the composer Paul Lincke understood something about American presidents. You see, like so many presidents before me, I come here today because wherever I go, whatever I do: Ich hab noch einen Koffer in Berlin. [I still have a suitcase in Berlin.]

Our gathering today is being broadcast throughout Western Europe and North America. I understand that it is being seen and heard as well in the East. To those listening throughout Eastern Europe, a special word: Although I cannot be with you, I address my remarks to you just as surely as to those standing here before me. For I join you, as I join your fellow countrymen in the West, in this firm, this unalterable belief: Es gibt nur ein Berlin. [There is only one Berlin.]

Behind me stands a wall that encircles the free sectors of this city, part of a vast system of barriers that divides the entire continent of Europe. From the Baltic, south, those barriers cut across Germany in a gash of barbed wire, concrete, dog runs, and guard towers. Farther south, there may be no visible, no obvious wall. But there remain armed guards and checkpoints all the same--still a restriction on the right to travel, still an instrument to impose upon ordinary men and women the will of a totalitarian state. Yet it is here in Berlin where the wall emerges most clearly; here, cutting across your city, where the news photo and the television screen have imprinted this brutal division of a continent upon the mind of the world. Standing before the Brandenburg Gate, every man is a German, separated from his fellow men. Every man is a Berliner, forced to look upon a scar.

President von Weizsacker has said, "The German question is open as long as the Brandenburg Gate is closed." Today I say: As long as the gate is closed, as long as this scar of a wall is permitted to stand, it is not the German question alone that remains open, but the question of freedom for all mankind. Yet I do not come here to lament. For I find in Berlin a message of hope, even in the shadow of this wall, a message of triumph.

In this season of spring in 1945, the people of Berlin emerged from their air-raid shelters to find devastation. Thousands of miles away, the people of the United States reached out to help. And in 1947 Secretary of State--as you've been told--George Marshall announced the creation of what would become known as the Marshall Plan. Speaking precisely 40 years ago this month, he said: "Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos."

In the Reichstag a few moments ago, I saw a display commemorating this 40th anniversary of the Marshall Plan. I was struck by the sign on a burnt-out, gutted structure that was being rebuilt. I understand that Berliners of my own generation can remember seeing signs like it dotted throughout the western sectors of the city. The sign read simply: "The Marshall Plan is helping here to strengthen the free world." A strong, free world in the West, that dream became real. Japan rose from ruin to become an economic giant. Italy, France, Belgium--virtually every nation in Western Europe saw political and economic rebirth; the European Community was founded.

In West Germany and here in Berlin, there took place an economic miracle, the Wirtschaftswunder. Adenauer, Erhard, Reuter, and other leaders understood the practical importance of liberty--that just as truth can flourish only when the journalist is given freedom of speech, so prosperity can come about only when the farmer and businessman enjoy economic freedom. The German leaders reduced tariffs, expanded free trade, lowered taxes. From 1950 to 1960 alone, the standard of living in West Germany and Berlin doubled.

Where four decades ago there was rubble, today in West Berlin there is the greatest industrial output of any city in Germany--busy office blocks, fine homes and apartments, proud avenues, and the spreading lawns of parkland. Where a city's culture seemed to have been destroyed, today there are two great universities, orchestras and an opera, countless theaters, and museums. Where there was want, today there's abundance--food, clothing, automobiles--the wonderful goods of the Ku'damm. From devastation, from utter ruin, you Berliners have, in freedom, rebuilt a city that once again ranks as one of the greatest on earth. The Soviets may have had other plans. But my friends, there were a few things the Soviets didn't count on--Berliner Herz, Berliner Humor, ja, und Berliner Schnauze. [Berliner heart, Berliner humor, yes, and a Berliner Schnauze.]

In the 1950s, Khrushchev predicted: "We will bury you." But in the West today, we see a free world that has achieved a level of prosperity and well-being unprecedented in all human history. In the Communist world, we see failure, technological backwardness, declining standards of health, even want of the most basic kind--too little food. Even today, the Soviet Union still cannot feed itself. After these four decades, then, there stands before the entire world one great and inescapable conclusion: Freedom leads to prosperity. Freedom replaces the ancient hatreds among the nations with comity and peace. Freedom is the victor.

And now the Soviets themselves may, in a limited way, be coming to understand the importance of freedom. We hear much from Moscow about a new policy of reform and openness. Some political prisoners have been released. Certain foreign news broadcasts are no longer being jammed. Some economic enterprises have been permitted to operate with greater freedom from state control.

Are these the beginnings of profound changes in the Soviet state? Or are they token gestures, intended to raise false hopes in the West, or to strengthen the Soviet system without changing it? We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace. There is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace.

General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!

I understand the fear of war and the pain of division that afflict this continent-- and I pledge to you my country's efforts to help overcome these burdens. To be sure, we in the West must resist Soviet expansion. So we must maintain defenses of unassailable strength. Yet we seek peace; so we must strive to reduce arms on both sides.

Beginning 10 years ago, the Soviets challenged the Western alliance with a grave new threat, hundreds of new and more deadly SS-20 nuclear missiles, capable of striking every capital in Europe. The Western alliance responded by committing itself to a counter-deployment unless the Soviets agreed to negotiate a better solution; namely, the elimination of such weapons on both sides. For many months, the Soviets refused to bargain in earnestness. As the alliance, in turn, prepared to go forward with its counter-deployment, there were difficult days--days of protests like those during my 1982 visit to this city--and the Soviets later walked away from the table.

But through it all, the alliance held firm. And I invite those who protested then-- I invite those who protest today--to mark this fact: Because we remained strong, the Soviets came back to the table. And because we remained strong, today we have within reach the possibility, not merely of limiting the growth of arms, but of eliminating, for the first time, an entire class of nuclear weapons from the face of the earth.

As I speak, NATO ministers are meeting in Iceland to review the progress of our proposals for eliminating these weapons. At the talks in Geneva, we have also proposed deep cuts in strategic offensive weapons. And the Western allies have likewise made far-reaching proposals to reduce the danger of conventional war and to place a total ban on chemical weapons.

While we pursue these arms reductions, I pledge to you that we will maintain the capacity to deter Soviet aggression at any level at which it might occur. And in cooperation with many of our allies, the United States is pursuing the Strategic Defense Initiative--research to base deterrence not on the threat of offensive retaliation, but on defenses that truly defend; on systems, in short, that will not target populations, but shield them. By these means we seek to increase the safety of Europe and all the world. But we must remember a crucial fact: East and West do not mistrust each other because we are armed; we are armed because we mistrust each other. And our differences are not about weapons but about liberty. When President Kennedy spoke at the City Hall those 24 years ago, freedom was encircled, Berlin was under siege. And today, despite all the pressures upon this city, Berlin stands secure in its liberty. And freedom itself is transforming the globe.

In the Philippines, in South and Central America, democracy has been given a rebirth. Throughout the Pacific, free markets are working miracle after miracle of economic growth. In the industrialized nations, a technological revolution is taking place--a revolution marked by rapid, dramatic advances in computers and telecommunications.

In Europe, only one nation and those it controls refuse to join the community of freedom. Yet in this age of redoubled economic growth, of information and innovation, the Soviet Union faces a choice: It must make fundamental changes, or it will become obsolete.

Today thus represents a moment of hope. We in the West stand ready to cooperate with the East to promote true openness, to break down barriers that separate people, to create a safe, freer world. And surely there is no better place than Berlin, the meeting place of East and West, to make a start. Free people of Berlin: Today, as in the past, the United States stands for the strict observance and full implementation of all parts of the Four Power Agreement of 1971. Let us use this occasion, the 750th anniversary of this city, to usher in a new era, to seek a still fuller, richer life for the Berlin of the future. Together, let us maintain and develop the ties between the Federal Republic and the Western sectors of Berlin, which is permitted by the 1971 agreement.

And I invite Mr. Gorbachev: Let us work to bring the Eastern and Western parts of the city closer together, so that all the inhabitants of all Berlin can enjoy the benefits that come with life in one of the great cities of the world.

To open Berlin still further to all Europe, East and West, let us expand the vital air access to this city, finding ways of making commercial air service to Berlin more convenient, more comfortable, and more economical. We look to the day when West Berlin can become one of the chief aviation hubs in all central Europe.

With our French and British partners, the United States is prepared to help bring international meetings to Berlin. It would be only fitting for Berlin to serve as the site of United Nations meetings, or world conferences on human rights and arms control or other issues that call for international cooperation.

There is no better way to establish hope for the future than to enlighten young minds, and we would be honored to sponsor summer youth exchanges, cultural events, and other programs for young Berliners from the East. Our French and British friends, I'm certain, will do the same. And it's my hope that an authority can be found in East Berlin to sponsor visits from young people of the Western sectors.

One final proposal, one close to my heart: Sport represents a source of enjoyment and ennoblement, and you may have noted that the Republic of Korea--South Korea--has offered to permit certain events of the 1988 Olympics to take place in the North. International sports competitions of all kinds could take place in both parts of this city. And what better way to demonstrate to the world the openness of this city than to offer in some future year to hold the Olympic games here in Berlin, East and West? In these four decades, as I have said, you Berliners have built a great city. You've done so in spite of threats--the Soviet attempts to impose the East-mark, the blockade. Today the city thrives in spite of the challenges implicit in the very presence of this wall. What keeps you here? Certainly there's a great deal to be said for your fortitude, for your defiant courage. But I believe there's something deeper, something that involves Berlin's whole look and feel and way of life--not mere sentiment. No one could live long in Berlin without being completely disabused of illusions. Something instead, that has seen the difficulties of life in Berlin but chose to accept them, that continues to build this good and proud city in contrast to a surrounding totalitarian presence that refuses to release human energies or aspirations. Something that speaks with a powerful voice of affirmation, that says yes to this city, yes to the future, yes to freedom. In a word, I would submit that what keeps you in Berlin is love--love both profound and abiding.

Perhaps this gets to the root of the matter, to the most fundamental distinction of all between East and West. The totalitarian world produces backwardness because it does such violence to the spirit, thwarting the human impulse to create, to enjoy, to worship. The totalitarian world finds even symbols of love and of worship an affront. Years ago, before the East Germans began rebuilding their churches, they erected a secular structure: the television tower at Alexander Platz. Virtually ever since, the authorities have been working to correct what they view as the tower's one major flaw, treating the glass sphere at the top with paints and chemicals of every kind. Yet even today when the sun strikes that sphere--that sphere that towers over all Berlin--the light makes the sign of the cross. There in Berlin, like the city itself, symbols of love, symbols of worship, cannot be suppressed.

As I looked out a moment ago from the Reichstag, that embodiment of German unity, I noticed words crudely spray-painted upon the wall, perhaps by a young Berliner: "This wall will fall. Beliefs become reality." Yes, across Europe, this wall will fall. For it cannot withstand faith; it cannot withstand truth. The wall cannot withstand freedom.

And I would like, before I close, to say one word. I have read, and I have been questioned since I've been here about certain demonstrations against my coming. And I would like to say just one thing, and to those who demonstrate so. I wonder if they have ever asked themselves that if they should have the kind of government they apparently seek, no one would ever be able to do what they're doing again.

Thank you and God bless you all.

问题3：美国总统Eisenhower英文简介找不到比较多的英文介绍,有的话请给外哦,[英语科目]

　　Dwight David Eisenhower was born in Denison,Tex.,on Oct.14,1890.His ancestors lived in Germany and emigrated to America,settling in Pennsylvania,early in the 18th century.His father,David,had a general store in Hope,Kans.,which failed.After a brief time in Texas,the family moved to Abilene,Kan.

　　After graduating from Abilene High School in 1909,Eisenhower did odd jobs for almost two years.He won an appointment to the Naval Academy at Annapolis,but was too old for admittance.Then he received an appointment in 1910 to West Point,from which he graduated as a second lieutenant in 1915.

　　He did not see service in World War I,having been stationed at Fort Sam Houston,Tex.There he met Mamie Geneva Doud,whom he married in Denver on July 1,1916,and by whom he had two sons:Doud Dwight (died in infancy) and John Sheldon Doud.

　　Eisenhower served in the Philippines from 1935 to 1939 with Gen.Douglas MacArthur.Afterward,Gen.George C.Marshall,the army chief of staff,brought him into the War Department's General Staff and in 1942 placed him in command of the invasion of North Africa.In 1944,he was made Supreme Allied Commander for the invasion of Europe.

　　After the war,Eisenhower served as army chief of staff from Nov.1945 until Feb.1948,when he was appointed president of Columbia University.

　　In Dec.1950,President Truman recalled Eisenhower to active duty to command the North Atlantic Treaty Organization forces in Europe.He held his post until the end of May 1952.

　　At the Republican convention of 1952 in Chicago,Eisenhower won the presidential nomination on the first ballot in a close race with Sen.Robert A.Taft of Ohio.In the election,he defeated Gov.Adlai E.Stevenson of Illinois.

　　Through two terms,Eisenhower hewed to moderate domestic policies.He sought peace through Free World strength in an era of new nationalisms,nuclear missiles,and space exploration.He fostered alliances pledging the United States to resist “Red” aggression in Europe,Asia,and Latin America.The Eisenhower Doctrine of 1957 extended commitments to the Middle East.

　　At home,the popular president lacked Republican congressional majorities after 1954,but he was reelected in 1956 by 457 electoral votes to 73 for Stevenson.

　　While retaining most Fair Deal programs,he stressed “fiscal responsibility” in domestic affairs.A moderate in civil rights,he sent troops to Little Rock,Ark.,to enforce court-ordered school integration.

　　With his wartime rank restored by Congress,Eisenhower returned to private life and the role of elder statesman,with his vigor hardly impaired by a heart attack,an ileitis operation,and a mild stroke suffered while in office.He died in Washington,DC,on March 28,1969.

问题4：谁有英文的介绍美国总统的文章?[英语科目]

奥巴马的

Barack Obama

From Wikipedia,the free encyclopedia

"Barack" and "Obama" redirect here.For other uses,see Barak (disambiguation) and Obama (disambiguation).

For the Kenyan economist,Obama's father,see Barack Obama,Sr..

Barack Obama

44th President of the United States

Incumbent

Assumed office

January 20,2009

Vice President\x05Joe Biden

Preceded by\x05George W.Bush

United States Senator

from Illinois

In office

January 3,2005 – November 16,2008

Preceded by\x05Peter Fitzgerald

Succeeded by\x05Roland Burris

Member of the Illinois Senate

from the 13th District

In office

January 8,1997 – November 4,2004

Preceded by\x05Alice Palmer

Succeeded by\x05Kwame Raoul

Personal details

Born\x05Barack Hussein Obama II

August 4,1961 (age 49)[1]

Honolulu,Hawaii[2]

Political party\x05Democratic Party

Spouse(s)\x05Michelle Robinson Obama

Children\x05Malia,Sasha

Residence\x05White House (official)

Chicago,Illinois (private)

Alma mater\x05Occidental College

Columbia University (B.A.)

Harvard Law School (J.D.)

Profession\x05Community organizer

Lawyer

Constitutional law professor

Author

Religion\x05Christian[3]

Signature\x05

Website\x05The White House

Barack Obama

This article is part of a series on

Barack Obama

Background · Illinois Senate · U.S.Senate · Political positions · Public image · Family · 2008 primaries · Obama–Biden campaign · Transition · Inauguration · Electoral history · Presidency (Timeline '09,'10,'11,First 100 days) · Nobel Peace Prize · Re-election campaign more...

Barack Hussein Obama II (i /bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born August 4,1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States.He is the first African American to hold the office.Obama previously served as a United States senator from Illinois,from January 2005 until he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.

A native of Honolulu,Hawaii,Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School,where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review.He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree.He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004.

Obama served three terms representing the 13th district in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004.Following an unsuccessful bid against the Democratic incumbent for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 2000,he ran for United States Senate in 2004.Several events brought him to national attention during the campaign,including his victory in the March 2004 Democratic primary and his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004.He won election to the U.S.Senate in Illinois in November 2004.His presidential campaign began in February 2007,and after a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton,he won his party's nomination.In the 2008 presidential election,he defeated Republican nominee John McCain,and was inaugurated as president on January 20,2009.In October 2009,Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate.

As president,Obama signed economic stimulus legislation in the form of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in February 2009 and the Tax Relief,Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization,and Job Creation Act of 2010 in December 2010.Other domestic policy initiatives include the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act,the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the Don't Ask,Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010.

In foreign policy,Obama gradually withdrew combat troops from Iraq,increased troop levels in Afghanistan,signed the New START arms control treaty with Russia,and ordered enforcement of the United Nations-sanctioned no-fly zone over Libya in early 2011.On May 1,2011,Obama announced that a small team of American military forces,acting on his direct order,had killed al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden in Pakistan.

In April 2011,Obama declared his intention to seek re-election in the 2012 presidential election.[4]

问题5：凶手刺杀美国总统里根的原因不要回答那些关于20年诅咒的,我只要刺杀里根的原因

没什么政治目的.就是小伙子的女朋友说他没名气,威胁说要离开他,他冲冠一怒为红颜,认为杀了世界上最有权势的美国总统肯定就会引起她的注意了.

你说里根冤不冤吧!