Archaeologists are scientists who search for clues …完形填空及答案

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Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Archaeologists are scientists who search for clues that help form a clearer picture of the lives people led in the past. Archaeology is a modern science, but it has been ___1___ for centuries. More than 2,400 years ago, the Greek historian Herodotus described the Egyptian pyramids and other monuments. He may have been the first writer to consider that remains and ___2___ could provide information for ___3___ generations. For more than a thousand years, however, such ___4___ were observers rather than researchers.

In the 1700s, scientists and adventurers from a variety of countries traveled ___5___ to explore ancient sites. Digs that are still ___6___ began in 1709 at Herculaneum, an Italian city buried in ash during the explosion of Mount Vesuvius in A. D. 79. The Danish scholar Carsten Niebuhr visited the ruins of Persepolis in the Middle East in 1765 to study cuneiform writing (楔形文字). ___7___, archaeology didn’t become a widely recognized science and schools didn’t recognize the subject as a scholarly pursuit until the 19th century. The term itself was ___8___ in 1837. It comes from a Latin word meaning “the study of antiquities (古物).” One of the first archaeologists to use a scientific approach to the discipline was Heinrich Schliemann of Germany, who in the late 1800s ___9___ the ancient civilization of the city of Troy.

Today, archaeologists uncover the past in many different ___10___, including deserts and jungles, at sites called digs. Ancient sources, folk tales, and landscape features can suggest where archaeologists should look. Surveys of the land help them choose sites ___11___ to provide artifacts, the objects that will unlock the story of a particular people — their daily lives, their beliefs, and their ties to other cultures. A site, however, does not have to be old to be interesting to an archaeologist. Some prefer to study more ___12___ settlements. One scientist, for instance, studies coal mining camps in California by examining the garbage that miners ___13___. Archaeologists may work for universities, museums or governments, and some of them are involved in educating the public about ___14___ ancient sites. Artifact hunters who are ___15___ history rob these places and sell what they find for a few dollars to immoral dealers in antiquities.

1. A. adventuring B. changing C. digging D. evolving

2. A. books B. history C. ruins D. science

3. A. lost B. later C. older D. several

4. A. inventors B. scholars C. visitors D. writers

5. A. extensively B. nationwide C. regularly D. together

6. A. in progress B. in good condition C. on display D. out of control

7. A. Besides B. However C. Instead D. Meanwhile

8. A. coined B. considered C. recognized D. used

9. A. created B. developed C. established D. investigated

10. A. countries B. fields C. locations D. ways

11. A. certain B. likely C. ready D. necessary

12. A. honorable B. peaceful C. rural D. recent