长难句，考研英语翻译的难点，体现在两方面：一是修饰成分较多，二是句子结构层次较复杂。因此，长难句的结构分析显得尤为重要。这也是备考2015考研的考生遇到的难点。对此，文都考研网校的老师列举了一些常见的考研英语长难句，并对这些长难句的句子结构进行详细解析，以帮助考生们快速突破考研英语长难句。

　　1. The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.

　　解析：本句结构相对较复杂。主干是The company provoked justified outrage … when …，中间出现一个分隔结构a major energy supplier in New England, 说明the company。后面出现when引导的时间状语从句when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations. 我们在翻译时要注意要把分隔结构及状语从句提前。同时注意本句中出现的以下词汇的意思：provoked justified outrage，理所当然激起愤怒;reneging on a longstanding commitment，违背长期的承诺;abide by遵守。

　　参考译文：这家公司是新英格兰的主要能源供应商，当它上周宣布违背遵守严格的核规则这一长期承诺时，理所当然的激起了佛蒙特州人民的愤怒。

　　2. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.

　　解析：本句较长，但是结构不是很复杂。出现了宾语从句contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through和定语从句in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word. 注意本句中的专业术语：social cure社会治疗;group dynamics团体动力学;翻译时定语从句可以单独成句。

　　参考译文：但Tina Rosenberg在她新书《加入俱乐部》中声称：同剂压力也可以通过她口中的“社会治疗”成为一种积极的力量。在社会治疗中，组织和官员利用团体动态学的力量来帮助个人改善生活，甚至整个世界。

　　3. It is historically established that some societies have served as centers of cultural unification.

　　解析：本句较简单，是it引导的形式主语。主语是some societies have served as centers of cultural unification. 翻译时可以先翻译that 后面的部分，served as 是担任….，充当…，起….的作用。

　　参考翻译：历史上证实：某些社团起着文化统一的中心作用。

　　4. The next important function of culture is to instantly provide new interpretation to different situations arising from the traditional cultural elements transmitted to the group.

　　解析：本句的难点在于出现两个后置定语。一个是arising from做situation的后置定语，一个是transmitted做elements 的后置定语，在翻译后置定语时，我们要注意语序，首先要先按意群翻译：源于传统的文化元素，传授给团体的传统的文化元素，我们可以整合下语序：源于传授给团体的传统文化元素。

　　参考译文：文化的下一个重要功能就是能够对不同的情况迅速做出全新的解释，这些不同的情况源于传授给团体的传统文化元素。

　　5. A technological advancement is gauged by the power it gives or the energy it consumes and the cost that is involved.

　　解析：本句的难点在于并列的后置定语it gives，it consumes，that is involved. 把后置定语直接作为形容词短语放在前面就行，同时本句也出现了被动语态的结构A technological advancement is gauged by…

　　参考译文：技术改进的标准在于它所给予的能量，它所消耗的能源以及它涉及的价值。

　　6. The technology that was prevalent in the 1940’s used to be about 100 percent more expensive and about 1000 times energy consuming.

　　解析：本句要找准主干：The technology used to be about 100 percent more expensive and about 1000 times energy consuming. 分辨出that引导的定语从句The technology that was prevalent in the 1940’s及隐含的比较句100 percent more expensive and about 1000 times energy consuming。

　　参考翻译：20世纪40年代盛行的技术大约百分之一百的昂贵，并且所消耗的能源也是现在的1000倍。

　　7. The progress of the digital techniques mainly depends on computer’s development and the progress of digital transmission systems based on it have merged computer and communication.