"Did you play basketball last week?" is the Engpsh translation of "你上周拍球了吗?" in Chinese.

"Did" is the past tense of "do," which is used to form questions in the past tense. "You" is the pronoun used to refer to the person being addressed. "Play" is the verb meaning to engage in a recreational activity or sport. "Basketball" is the name of the sport. "Last week" is a time adverb that specifies when the action of playing basketball took place.

Here are some other examples of using the past tense of "do" in Engpsh:

Did you go to the store yesterday? (你昨天去商店了吗？)
Did you see the movie last night? (你昨晚看电影了吗？)
Did you eat breakfast this morning? (你今天早上吃早餐了吗？)